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gtp cdc42 level  (Cytoskeleton Inc)


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    Structured Review

    Cytoskeleton Inc gtp cdc42 level
    Gtp Cdc42 Level, supplied by Cytoskeleton Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 451 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cdc42+pull-down+activation+assay+biochem+kit/Cdc42+Pull-down+Activation+Assay+Biochem+Kit/us12594156-249-3-14
    Average 96 stars, based on 451 article reviews
    gtp cdc42 level - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    96/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Centrifugation:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Activation Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Mouse Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Pull Down Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Lysis:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Imaging:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Staining:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Polymer:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Isolation:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Western Blot:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Protein Extraction:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Extraction:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Sequencing:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Polymerase Chain Reaction:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Reporter Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Software:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina

    Binding Assay:

    Article Title: Dietary tryptophan supplementation prevents sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation
    Article Snippet: ugal force [rcf], 4°C, and 1 min). The protein samples were quantified by a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit and pulled down using a CDC42/RAC1 pulldown activation assay kit (#BK034 & BK035, Cytoskeleton, Colorado, USA). Then, 50 µg protein sample was used for total CDC42/RAC1 detection. Briefly, 500 µg protein sample was treated with 10 µL p21-binding domain of p21-activated protein kina



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    FSCN1 activates the <t>CDC42/N‐WASP/Arp2/3</t> axis by recruiting FGD1. (A) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R cells. (B) Left: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Right: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (C) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells. (D) Upper: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (E) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cell nuclear extracts. (F) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in parental and TMZ‐resistant GBM cell nuclear extracts. (G) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (H) Upper: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FSCN1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FGD1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FGD1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FSCN1 antibody. (I) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (J) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (K) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (L) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (M) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (N) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (O) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in FSCN1 knockdown TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (P) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (Q) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (R) Detection of HR activity using the DR‐GFP reporter system. Different combinations of DR‐GFP reporter plasmids were co‐transfected into LN229 shNC and shFSCN1 cells, as well as 229R OE‐NC and OE‐FSCN1 cells. Cells were treated with 100µM TMZ for 24 h, and the percentage of GFP‐positive cells was determined by flow cytometry (n = 3). For M, N, O, P and Q scale bars, 5µm. Data were analyzed using Student's t‐test (R). Significant results were presented as NS non‐significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
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    FSCN1 activates the <t>CDC42/N‐WASP/Arp2/3</t> axis by recruiting FGD1. (A) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R cells. (B) Left: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Right: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (C) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells. (D) Upper: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (E) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cell nuclear extracts. (F) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in parental and TMZ‐resistant GBM cell nuclear extracts. (G) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (H) Upper: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FSCN1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FGD1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FGD1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FSCN1 antibody. (I) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (J) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (K) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (L) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (M) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (N) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (O) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in FSCN1 knockdown TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (P) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (Q) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (R) Detection of HR activity using the DR‐GFP reporter system. Different combinations of DR‐GFP reporter plasmids were co‐transfected into LN229 shNC and shFSCN1 cells, as well as 229R OE‐NC and OE‐FSCN1 cells. Cells were treated with 100µM TMZ for 24 h, and the percentage of GFP‐positive cells was determined by flow cytometry (n = 3). For M, N, O, P and Q scale bars, 5µm. Data were analyzed using Student's t‐test (R). Significant results were presented as NS non‐significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
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    Image Search Results


    FSCN1 activates the CDC42/N‐WASP/Arp2/3 axis by recruiting FGD1. (A) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R cells. (B) Left: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Right: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (C) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells. (D) Upper: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (E) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cell nuclear extracts. (F) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in parental and TMZ‐resistant GBM cell nuclear extracts. (G) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (H) Upper: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FSCN1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FGD1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FGD1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FSCN1 antibody. (I) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (J) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (K) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (L) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (M) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (N) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (O) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in FSCN1 knockdown TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (P) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (Q) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (R) Detection of HR activity using the DR‐GFP reporter system. Different combinations of DR‐GFP reporter plasmids were co‐transfected into LN229 shNC and shFSCN1 cells, as well as 229R OE‐NC and OE‐FSCN1 cells. Cells were treated with 100µM TMZ for 24 h, and the percentage of GFP‐positive cells was determined by flow cytometry (n = 3). For M, N, O, P and Q scale bars, 5µm. Data were analyzed using Student's t‐test (R). Significant results were presented as NS non‐significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

    Journal: Advanced Science

    Article Title: Low YTHDC1 Expression Upregulates FSCN1 to Promote Nuclear F‐Actin Formation and Facilitate Double‐strand DNA Breaks Repair in TMZ‐Resistant Glioblastoma

    doi: 10.1002/advs.202513632

    Figure Lengend Snippet: FSCN1 activates the CDC42/N‐WASP/Arp2/3 axis by recruiting FGD1. (A) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R cells. (B) Left: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Right: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of LN229 and 229R GBM cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (C) Western blot analysis of CDC42 after pulldown by PAK‐PBD in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells. (D) Upper: Western blot analysis in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cells with N‐WASP antibody, Arp2 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation in the nucleus of 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cells with an antibody against N‐WASP; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐Arp2 antibody. (E) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 cell nuclear extracts. (F) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in parental and TMZ‐resistant GBM cell nuclear extracts. (G) Western blot analysis of FGD1 in 229R shNC and 229R shFSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (H) Upper: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FSCN1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FGD1 antibody. Lower: Immunoprecipitation of 229R GBM cells with an antibody against FGD1; the cells were subsequently labeled with the anti‐FSCN1 antibody. (I) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (J) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐NC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (K) Western blot analysis in the nucleus of LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cells with FSCN1 antibody, FGD1 antibody and Lamin B1 antibody. (L) Normalized timecourse of pyrene‐labelled actin assembly in LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shNC and LN229 OE‐FSCN1 shFGD1 GBM cell nuclear extracts. (M) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (N) Immunofluorescence analysis of 229R cells treated with Lifeact‐EGFP‐2xNLS plasmids after treatment with DMSO or CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h). Scale bar = 5µm. (O) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in FSCN1 knockdown TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (P) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + ML141 (10 µM, 37°C, 1 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (Q) Immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells with TMZ or TMZ + CK‐666 (100 µM, 37°C, 6 h) treatment show γH2AX foci in DAPIbright heterochromatin. Scale bar = 5µm. (R) Detection of HR activity using the DR‐GFP reporter system. Different combinations of DR‐GFP reporter plasmids were co‐transfected into LN229 shNC and shFSCN1 cells, as well as 229R OE‐NC and OE‐FSCN1 cells. Cells were treated with 100µM TMZ for 24 h, and the percentage of GFP‐positive cells was determined by flow cytometry (n = 3). For M, N, O, P and Q scale bars, 5µm. Data were analyzed using Student's t‐test (R). Significant results were presented as NS non‐significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The Cdc42 activation assay was conducted using the Cdc42 Activation Biochem Kit (BK034, Cytoskeleton) following the manufacturer's instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation, Labeling, Immunofluorescence, Knockdown, Activity Assay, Transfection, Flow Cytometry